EU Acts
The Morality of Human Acts
Charles Coppens, S.J.
ARTICLE I. THE ESSENCE OF MORALITY
37. Human acts are those of which a man is master, which he has the power of doing or not doing as he pleases. (No. 2. See also Ment. Phil., Nos. 194-199.) [1]
The good acts our reason commends and approves; these we call right. Evil acts, on the contrary, our reason disapproves and blames; these we call wrong.[1]
Our intellect disapproves of other acts, calls them morally bad or evil and pronounces them to be, inasmuch as they are free acts, deserving of blame, because it perceives they are directed away from their true end, are unbecoming and unsuitable to a rational agent, at variance with the exigencies of things, and therefore not to be done by man: man ought not to do that which is unworthy of a rational being, and which, instead of perfecting, debases him.[1]
The Term Act
It is an ancient tradition in the East for those in power to try to "ennoble" themselves in the eyes of the people with the aid of poetry. [4]
David Turns
The term “act of aggression” has to all intents and purposes subsumed the legal term “act of war” and made it irrelevant, although “act of war” is still used rhetorically by States that feel threatened.[2]
In 1945, the United Nations Charter banned the first use of force, putting an end to declarations of war. Article 2(4) of the Charter states: “All members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State.”[2]
The Act of Autonomy
In August of 1923 a referendum was held in Nagorny Karabakh. [3]
Reporting on its results, Karabakh Party Obkom Secretary Sero Manutsyan announced to the ACP(b) Central Committee on 12 October 1923:
"The act of autonomy has been greeted by the peasants with total unanimity... The peasants in their mass resolutions greeted autonomy and Soviet rule"
(Party Archives, Azerbaijan Branch of the Institute of Marxism-Leninism, f. 1, op. 125, sec. 327, p 24).[3]
Ильхам Алиев: Азербайджан никогда не согласится с потерей своих земель.[4][5][6]
The Political Affairs Committee
of
The Parliamentary Assembly
of
The Council of Europe (PACE)
Calls on Armenia
To Withdraw From Nagorno-Karabakh
4 November 2015
In a draft resolution approved today, the Political Affairs Committee of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) has called for “the withdrawal of Armenian armed forces and other irregular armed forces from Nagorno-Karabakh and the other occupied territories of Azerbaijan, and the establishment of full sovereignty of Azerbaijan in these territories", in the framework of the OSCE Minsk process.[7]
The committee also called for "the convening of a plenary meeting of the Minsk Group to establish an interim status for Nagorno-Karabakh guaranteeing security and internal self-governance, with an agreed corridor linking Armenia to Nagorno-Karabakh, and other confidence-building measures, including an access corridor to Nakhchivan".[7]
Since the 4th century B.C., the area of present-day Azerbaijan Republic was known as
the kingdom of Caucasian Albania.[8]
US State Department Briefing On Fire
Japanese and Chinese ruling parties resume talks after six-year hiatus
South China Morning Post (SCMP)
Friday, 04 December, 2015
China's Communist Party and Japan's ruling parties agreed to focus more on common interests rather than disagreements on Thursday as they resumed their consultative meeting for the first time in more than six years.[9]
The move is another sign of improving ties between Asia's two major powers.[9]
The meeting in Beijing took place after Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Chinese President Xi Jinping agreed to accelerate the process of thawing once-frosty relations by increasing communications in various channels.[9]
“There are a range of fields in which Japan and China can work together and it is necessary for both sides to continue win-win cooperation,” Sadakazu Tanigaki, secretary general of the Liberal Democratic Party, said in his opening remarks.[9]
Among other issues, Tanigaki suggested that Japan and China could learn from each other how best to overcome social and economic difficulties stemming from their rapidly ageing populations.[9]
Wang Jiarui, who was until quite recently head of the Communist Party's international department and represented the Chinese side at the talks, expressed similar sentiments.[9]
“We would like to seek common ground as much as possible,” Wang said, adding that the two countries should also seek to control their persistent differences.[9]
“Let's make efforts to lead a new stage of Asia's development, and peace and stability in the region and the world,” he said.[9]
The 10-member Japanese delegation, which attended the meeting with the Communist Party and will be in Beijing until Saturday, is co-headed by Tanigaki and Yoshihisa Inoue, secretary general of Komeito party, the LDP's junior coalition partner.[9]
On Friday, the Japanese lawmakers were also scheduled to meet with Yu Zhengsheng, who is ranked fourth in the Communist Party and serves as China's top political adviser, to discuss bilateral issues.[9]
Iran and Azeri energy systems - Novak
China military paying 'close attention' to U.S. plane deployment
Sacred Heart Spectrum
11 December 2015
Singapore has long provided logistical support for USA military ships and aircraft, and the new agreement will take cooperation to a higher level, including in battling nonconventional threats such as piracy, transnational terrorism and cyberdefense, according to a Defense Department statement.[10]
A CNN crew aboard a P-8 Poseidon aircraft that flew from the Philippines over the artificial islands in May said they received repeated warnings from the Chinese navy to leave the area.[10]
The foreign ministry of China, which is at odds with Washington over the South China Sea, said on Tuesday the move was aimed at militarising the region. United States officials say that China is constructing four airfields that would have the capacity to accommodate most military aircraft.[10]
"It is a calculated risk to remind China that it does not have an unlimited right to do what it wants in what the United States and its allies regard as global waters", Johnson told Sputnik. The Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, Malaysia and Taiwan have overlapping claims.[10]
KELVIN CHAN
Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba buys Hong Kong newspaper South China Morning Post.[11]
HONG KONG (AP) — Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba said Friday it's buying Hong Kong's leading English-language newspaper, the South China Morning Post, as part of a plan to create a global platform for news about China.[11]
Alibaba Group Holdings Ltd., founded by billionaire Jack Ma, said it signed a deal with publisher SCMP Group to buy the Post and the company's other media assets, which include magazines, outdoor advertising and digital media.
The newspaper said in a story on its website that the purchase price is not being disclosed.[11]
China’s Growing Presence in Georgia
In War Against ISIS China Cooperating with
Russia, US Denies Bombing Syrian Military. [17]
Michael Cecire
May 06, 2015
China’s interest in Georgia and the South Caucasus is neither new nor particularly unexpected. [12]
Though flying under the radar, Chinese investment has been rising in the region for at least several years, in search of investment opportunities and low-cost diplomatic dividends. [12]
Georgia & China
May 06, 2015
But Beijing’s appreciation for the South Caucasus as a strategic region worthy of genuine attention is a more recent phenomenon, driven in large part by Beijing’s ambitious multi-billion dollar bet on the New Silk Road (NSR), for which Georgia and the South Caucasus are set to play a critical role.[12]
May 06, 2015
Though its location may be geopolitically unenviable, Georgia’s position as a connector state between the Eurasian interior and Europe has caught Chinese interest.[12]
Manvel Keshishyan
China’s attention is an Armenian-Iran railroad, ostensibly to be funded by the Chinese government
One of the major projects said to have caught China’s attention is an Armenian-Iran railroad, ostensibly to be funded by the Chinese government, in addition to the one that now runs through a part of Armenia controlled by Azerbaijan.[13]
Such an agreement gained credibility after a visit by the Prime Minister of Armenia, Hovik Abrahamyan, to Beijing last week. Abrahamyan came at the invitation of China’s premier, Li Keqiang, to participate in the Euro-Asia Economic Forum taking place September 24-26, in Xi’an, the capital city of northwest China’s Shaanxi province.[13]
Although Armenia and Iran have different religions and controversial general histories stretching back to the Middle Ages and even before, they have been considered to be loyal neighbors for decades. The new railroad between the two countries could increase trade turnover and would have a great impact on their economies as well as China’s.[13]
New Silk Road: Turkey, China to deliver goods to Europe bypassing Russia.[14]
Chinese President Xi Jinping had a talk
with his Azeri counterpart Ilham Aliyev
2015/12/11
Chinese President Xi Jinping had a talk with his Azeri counterpart Ilham Aliyev yesterday (10 December). Xi appreciated Azerbaijan's active response on the establishment of the Silk Road Economic Belt. Meanwhile, two countries have signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) on construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt, showing that their substantial cooperation has entered into a new stage.[15]
Calling China’s development “positive impetus” to the world, Aliyev said Azerbaijan is pleased to see China realize its development strategy.[16]
The Kavbureau's Decision- Making
When Russian empire collapsed, three states emerged in the Caucasus (Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia) and existed till the establishment of Soviet rule. [18]
When Soviets established in the region, the status of Nagorny Karabakh was brought to plenum of Kavbureau CC RCP(b) (Caucasus Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party of the Bolsheviks). [18]
The Kavbureau decided that Nagorny Karabakh should be left within the boundaries of the Soviet Azerbaijan on 5 July 1921. [18]
The mass inflow of Armenians that went on after the Turkmanchai Treaty inevitably increased the region’s Armenian population. N. Shavrov, a Russian expert on the Caucasus, wrote: “Out of th
About one-fifth of Azerbaijan's territory is occupied by Armenia, a pending member of the Euroasian Custonms Union and a close Russian ally.[21]
The most significant document related to this issue is the decree of the July 5, 1921 plenum of Kavbureau CC RCP(b) (Caucasus Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party of the Bolsheviks), where Stalin, together with several Armenian members of Kavbureau CC RCP(b), namely A. Nazaretyan and A. Myasnikyan, decided “on “leaving” (or “retaining”; the term in original Russian that was used in the document: оставить e 1,300 thousand Armenians living in the Transcaucasus over 1 million were not locally born; we brought them in.[19][20]
The following figures provide an idea about the number of Armenians who arrived in the last 13 years: in 1896 Aide-de-Camp-General Sheremetev, in his Most Loyal memo, quoted a figure of about 900,000 Armenians in the Transcaucasus; in 1908 there were 1,300,000 Armenians of both sexes, that is, there was an increase of no less than 400,000 during this period. [19][20]
In 13 years we brought in over 300,000 Armenians if we exclude natural growth.” [19][20]
(ostavit’)) NK within Azerbaijan and not “transferring” (or ceding; in Russian: отдать (otdat’)) it to anyone: “Nagorno-Karabakh to leave within the borders of Azerbaijan SSR”.[22][23]
The Kurekchay Treaty of 1805 secured Karabakh being passed to Russian Empire and in 1813 Gulistan secured the entire Northern Azerbaijan in Russian hands. After Turkmenchay in 1828, when Irevan and Nakhchivan khanates were passed to Russia, the migration of Armenians started to Karabakh and Armenia of today. According to All Russian Imperial Census of 1897, Azeris constituted an absolute majority in uyezds which cover ALL Karabakh and all Armenia except for Alexandropol and Etchmiadzin. Shusha uyezd was the only uyezd with equal number of Armenians and Azeris. That changed when they were moved to Javanshir, Zangezur, and Karyagino uyezds.[24]
George Friedman:
The complexity of alliances
also defines Russia's reality
Stratfor
Brief history and current belonging of the NK region:official international opinion.[25]
George Friedman founded Stratfor: The complexity of alliances also defines Russia's reality. It occupies the high Caucasus overlooking the plains of Azerbaijan.[26]
Armenia is a Russian ally, bound by an agreement that permits Russian bases through 2044. Yerevan also plans to join the Moscow-led Customs Union, and Russian firms own a large swath of the Armenian economy.[26]
Armenia feels isolated. It remains hostile to Turkey for Ankara's unwillingness to acknowledge events of a century ago as genocide. [26]
Armenia also fought a war with Azerbaijan in the 1990s, shortly after independence, for a region called Nagorno-Karabakh that had been part of Azerbaijan — a region that it lost in the war and wants back. Armenia, caught between Turkey and an increasingly powerful Azerbaijan, regards Russia as a guarantor of its national security.[26]
Epic Video - Syrian Woman Destroys
McCain at Townhall Meeting!
Russia warns NATO against reinforcing Turkish defences
07 Dec 2015 1
Russia's envoy to NATO has warned the alliance against reinforcing Turkey's air defences after the Turkish army downed a Russian military jet sparking a major and ongoing diplomatic row.[27]
Alexander Grushko said on Monday that Russia was not certain strengthening the forces would "strictly correspond to the task of neutralising possible challenges from terrorist organisations".[27]
Syrian Girl Singing when bomb
Explodes behind her 2015
If by the NATO efforts Turkey tries to contain Russia, this will be an obstacle to the establishment of an international coalition against terrorism," Grushko said, according to Russia's Itar-Tass news agency.[27]
The comments came after NATO allies discussed sending patrol aircraft and Patriot missiles to Turkey - an alliance member.[27]
Russian military helicopters stationed near Turkey.[28]Moscow - Russia's envoy to Nato has warned the alliance against reinforcing Turkey's air defences after the Turkish army downed a Russian military jet sparking a major and ongoing diplomatic row.[29][30]
tate Kerry: "NATO is not a threat to anybody."
02 Dec 2015
McCain at Townhall Meeting!
Explodes behind her 2015
02 Dec 2015
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